Microneedling of the skin surface is a cosmetic procedure that involves using a device with fine needles to create tiny, controlled punctures on the skin surface. The procedure is also known as collagen induction therapy because the process stimulates the body’s natural wound-healing response, leading to the production of collagen and elastin. Both collagen and elastin are essential for maintaining beautiful, smooth healthy skin.

Microneedling can be performed using a motorized pen-like device that causes micro-trauma to the outer layer of the skin. The depth of penetration of the needles depends on the thickness of the skin and the area of the face that is being treated. Most treatments involve the entire face and the operator will adjust the needle depth for each area. In some cases, either PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) or PRF (Platelet Rich Fibrin) is used as a lubricant as well as to penetrate the skin surface and aid in the healing response.

Radiofrequency microneedling is similar but with the addition of heat to the process. The needle depth can be adjusted, and the amount of energy delivered in heat can also be controlled. The penetration of the needles is performed in a grid-like pattern and there is less trauma to the skin than non-radiofrequency microneedling. In many cases, this can provide a faster recovery though with either device the recovery times are less than 2 days.

The benefits of microneedling include the stimulation of collagen, which helps improve skin texture and firmness. It is one of the best treatment modalities for acne scarring. Microneedling may reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and contribute to a more even skin tone. Some patients report a reduction in pore size after undergoing the procedure. It can also be performed to reduce the appearance of traumatic scars.

Following the procedure, the skin may be red and sensitive for one or two days. The number of sessions required varies depending on the individual’s skin concerns and the depth of treatment needed. For example, treating acne scars can require four to six sessions. In most offices, the treatment is performed by nurses, physician assistants, or nurse practitioners. The procedure is safe for all skin types and requires minimal aftercare.